Half to marshall b



O. 0. WHITE.

WIRE FABRIC.

Patented Oct. 31, 1893.

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CLARENCE 0. WHITE, OF MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE- HALF TO MARSHALL B. LLOYD, OF SAME PLACE.

WIRE FABRIC.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 507,865, dated October 31, 1893.

Application filed November 23, 1892. SerialNo.452.905. (ModeL) To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, CLARENCE 0. WHITE, of Minneapolis, in the county of Hennepin and State of Minnesota, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Wire Fab-,

rics, of which the following is aspecification.

My invention relates to woven wire fabrics which may be employed for fencing, office railings, or screens, for door-mats, &c., and the object of the invention is to provide a fabric which from its peculiar construction admits of being made and entirely finished by machinery and consequently may be manufactured ata greatly reduced cost as compared to other wire fabrics adapted for such uses, which are now upon the market.

My invention consists in the combination with a series of parallel and interlocking primary coils, of one or more transverse coils arranged at right angles to the axes of said primary coils and interlocked therewith, the sections or sides of said transverse coils being so disposed as to hold apart and lock the primary coils thereby preventing the collapsing of said coils into one another.

The invention consists further in the particular arrangement of the coils which adapt the ends thereof for easy finishing by machinery; and further in a non-interlocking border for the fabric; and in various constructions and combinations, all as hereinafter described and particularly pointed out in the claims.

My invention will be more readily understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 represents the simplest form of my fabric. Fig. 2 is an end view of such a fabric showing the manner of finishing the end of the primary coils. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the strongest and most complete form of my fabric, and Fig. 4 shows a cross-section of a mat composed of such fabric and shows the manner of flattening the edge coils of the mat to prevent their uncoiling or becoming loose.

As shown in the drawings, 2 represents the primary coils, which are all of the same pitch and are coiled or interlocked with one another respectively. These coils are all of the same length and if drawn and held firmly apart will form a complete firm fabric. This is successfully done in bed bottoms where external means are provided for the purpose of drawing the coils apart but much difficulty has been experienced when attempts have been made to adapt woven wire fabrics for use as door mats, fencing and the like, the expense of fastening the coils from within the mat or like article being found so great as to almost prohibit competition with other metal articles of a like nature. To overcome this difficulty I employ one or more coils 3 woven through the piece at right angles to the axes of the primary coils forming what may be termed a coiled lacing, the loops 10 of which passback of each intersection of the several primary coils and also between the wires at such intersections thus locking the coils against either lateral, longitudinal, or vertical movement with respect to one another. As shown at the edges of the mat of Fig. l, the ends of the parallel coils are held firmly in place by two of the coils 3 which are interlocked with respect to one another, as well as with the parallel coils 2. The ends of the coils 2 may be clipped off close to the outer side of the transverse edge coil 3, as shown at the lower edge of Fig. 1, or if a more stable and firm edge is desired, these ends'may be left somewhat longer and curled back about the transverse coil 3, (see 4, 4 at the upper end of Fig. 1). All of the transverse coils being of the same length these ends may be secured by similar loops 5 upon the outer primary coils. I

The form of fabric shown in Fig. 1 is the cheapest which I desire to manufacture. place thereof I may substitute the more expensive and heavier fabric shown in Fig. 3, all of the spaces between the extreme end of the coils 2 being filled by transverse coils 3. In place of curling the ends of the several wires composing the coils 2 and 3 about one another to prevent the same from uncoiling in their places, and sometimes in addi tion to such construction I flatten the edge coils of the piece of fabric so as to give a tapered cross section and elongating the edge coils to such an extent as to effectually prevent their loosening or uncoiling.

As a border for either form of mat I provide one or more coils 7, at the same pitch as the others, and merely pressed into the notches in the edges of the mat and are held in place by small rods 8 passed through nside of the edge coils and outside of the 1nner loops of the border coils. This border not being interlocked with the other parts of the fabric but simply pressed into place in the notched edges of the same may be easily attached by machinery and as readily removed by hand if it is-afterward desired to cut up the piece of fabric. A door-mat formedof either style of fabric possesses sufficient st ffness to prevent the turning up of its edges While at the same time having enough flexibility to at all times accommodate itself to irregularities in the floor. The further and most important advantages are derived from the fact that all of the primary and transverse coils are respectively of the same length thereby leaving even ends which may readily be finished by machinery as contrasted with the laborious hand-finishing required by fabrics of dilferent constructions now on the market.

The flattening of the edge coils is a particularly valuable feature in the manufacture of cheap mats and in manufacturing fencing and office railings I sometimes prefer to fiatten the fabric throughout thereby decreasing its thickness and preventing all possibility of loosening of the coils.

It is obvious that mats of other than rectangular form may be cut from my fabric as in any case similar projecting ends will be left to receive the machine finish.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1. The combination, in a wire fabric, of a series of interlocking primary coils, with one or more transverse coils interlocked therewith at the intersections of said primary coils substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The combination with a series of interlocking primary coils, of one or more transverse coils arranged at right angles to the axes of theprimary coils and interlocked therewith at the intersections thereof, and said coils being flattened to prevent the loosening of the same, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. The combination, in awoven wire fabric, of a series of interlocking primary coils, with one or more coils woven therethrough at right angles to the axes of said primary coils and interlocked with and at the intersections thereof, and the ends of said primary coils being curled back upon the transverse coil or coils, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. The combination,in a woven wire fabric, of a, series of interlocking primary coils,with one or more coils woven therethrough transverse to the axes thereof, the ends of said primary coils being curled about said transverse coil or coils and said primary coils and said transverse coil or coils being flattened, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

5. The combination, in a woven wire fabric, of a series of interlocking primary coils, with one or more transverse coils woven through said primary coils at right angles to the axes thereof and interlocked therewith at the intersections of said primary coils, the ends of said primary coils being curled about said transverse coil or coils and the ends of the transverse coil or coils similarly secured upon the outer coils of the primary series substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

6. The combination,in a Woven wire fabric, of a series of interlocking primary coils, with two or more transverse coils extending at right angles to the axes of said primary coils and interlocked therewith at the intersections thereof and thereby with one another, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

7. The combination, in a woven wire fabric, of a series of interlocking primary coils, with two or more transverse coils extending at right angles to the axes of said primary coils and interlocked therewith at the intersections thereof and with one another, the ends of the primary coils being curled about the outer coils of the transverse series and those of the transverse series similarly secured upon the outer coils of the primary series, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

8. The combination, in a woven wire fabric, of a series of interlocking primary coils,with two or more transverse coils extending at right angles to the axes of said primary coils and interlocked with the intersections thereof and with one another, and said primary and transverse coils being flattened to prevent the uncoiling of the same, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

9. The combination, in a woven wire fabric, of a series of interlocking primary coils, with two or more transverse coils extending at right angles to the axes of said primary coils and interlocked therewith at the intersections thereof and with one another, and the edges of the fabric thus formed being flattened, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

10. The combination, in a woven wire fabric, of a series of interlocking primary coils, with two or more transverse coils extending at right angles to the axes of said primary coils and interlocked therewith at the intersections thereof, the ends of the primary coils being curled about the outer coils of the transverse series and those of the transverse series similarly secured upon the outer coils of the primary series, and the edges of the fabric thus formed being flattened, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

11. The combination, in a woven Wire fabric, of a series of. interlocking primary coils, with two or more transverse coils extending at right angles to the axes of said primary coils and interlocked with the intersections thereof and with one another, the ends of the primary coils being curled about the outer coils of the transverse series and thoseof the transverse series similarly secured upon. the outer coils of the primary series, and said primary and transverse coils being flattened to prevent the uncoiling of the same, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

12. The combinatiomin a woven wire fabpitch, said bordercoil or coils being pressed into the edge notches of the fabric formed of said primary and transverse coils, and a wire or rod extending within said edge but outside.

of the inner loops of said border to lock said border in place, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

14. The combination, in a woven wire fabric, of a series of interlocking primary coils, with two or more transverse coils arranged at right angles to the axes of said primary coils and interlocked with the intersections thereof, and a non-interlocking border coil secured upon the edge of the fabric by a wire or rod engaging both the loops of said fabric and of said border coil, substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

15. The combination, in a woven wire fabric, of a series of interlocking primary coils, with a series of transverse coils arranged at right angles to the axes of the primary coils and interlocked with the intersections thereof and with one another, the edges of the fabric thus formed being flattened to prevent the turning of said coils, a non-interlocking border coil of the same pitch as said primary and transverse coils, said border coil being pressed into the notches in the edges of the fabric, and a wire or rod interlocked within the edge of the fabric and within the border coil, to secure the latter, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

16. The combination, in a woven wire fab: ric, of a series of interlocked primary and transverse coils, with a border coil or coils of the same pitch as said primary and transverse coils, and pressed laterally into the edges of the fabric and means for securing the border coil, substantially as described and for the purpose specified.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 19th day of November, A. D. 1892.

CLARENCE 0. WHITE.

In presence of A. 0. PAUL, FRED. S. LYON. 

